How to treat and prevent ticks on dogs

Effective tick prevention is crucial for safeguarding your dog's skin and overall health. Ticks not only cause discomfort but also transmit dangerous tick-borne diseases. Read on to learn everything you need to know about how to treat and prevent ticks on dogs to ensure your furry friend stays happy and healthy.

What are ticks?

Ticks vary in size and colour, with their appearance changing as they progress through their four-stage life cycle: egg, larva, nymph and adult. Generally, ticks have a flattened oval body and eight legs, ranging in size from as small as a pinhead to as large as a small grape. They can be light brown, reddish-brown or even black. These tiny parasites thrive in grassy, wooded areas, waiting to latch onto passing hosts. 

Ticks are attracted to dogs’ warmth, motion and scent. Once attached, ticks burrow their mouthparts into the dog's skin and feed on their blood. This feeding process can last several days, during which ticks can transmit diseases such as Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever and more.

Victoria is home to several tick species that can pose significant threats to dogs. Among the most notorious is the paralysis tick, recognisable by its grey-blue colouration. Paralysis ticks on dogs can release toxins that affect their ability to move and breathe. 

With a reddish-brown hue, the brown dog tick is widespread across the country and can transmit various diseases to dogs and humans. Displaying a hexagonal pattern on its back, the bush tick can transmit diseases and create discomfort for dogs. Lastly, the southern cattle tick affects livestock and dogs, primarily in the northern and eastern parts of Australia. 

What are the signs of ticks on dogs? 

Ticks on dogs can go easily unnoticed, so owners must be aware of the common tick-on-dog symptoms. Excessive scratching or licking, particularly in one area, indicates that a dog might have ticks. Other dog tick symptoms include frequent head shaking, sudden lethargy, loss of appetite and a noticeable decrease in energy levels. 

You may notice skin irritations, redness or inflammation around the tick's attachment site. One of the signs of tick paralysis in dogs is difficulty standing, walking or coordinating movements, which requires immediate medical attention. 

Regularly inspecting your dog's fur, especially after outdoor activities, is crucial for early detection. Perform tick checks by running your fingers through your dog's fur, feeling for small bumps or lumps. 

What is the best way to treat ticks on dogs?

Ticks on dogs can be effectively managed through various tick treatment options. Topical tick treatments, commonly applied between the shoulder blades, work by spreading over the skin and killing ticks upon contact. While highly effective, their coverage may vary, and some dogs might be sensitive to the treatment.

Oral tick medications offer convenience, as they prevent tick attachment and feeding by releasing chemicals through the dog's bloodstream. These medications provide systemic protection and are particularly useful in preventing diseases transmitted by ticks. 

Shampoo and tick-dip treatments can be used during baths, killing ticks present on the dog at that time. However, they offer limited residual protection compared to other methods. 

Safe tick removal is crucial. Removing ticks on dogs involves using fine-tipped tweezers to grasp the tick's head as close to the skin as possible. Pull upwards steadily and avoid crushing the tick's body. After removal, disinfect the bite area and wash your hands thoroughly. 

How to prevent ticks on dogs

Regular grooming is vital in keeping a dog's coat healthy and free of ticks. Thorough brushing not only helps detect and remove ticks promptly, but it also promotes good skin health. 

Various tick repellents are available from various brands, offering protection against tick bites and potential disease transmission. These repellents come in sprays, collars and spot-on treatments, each with advantages. 

Environmental control is equally important. Maintaining a tidy living environment by trimming tall grass and bushes reduces tick habitat. Regularly vacuuming indoors and washing pet bedding can further minimise exposure. Additionally, vaccinations against tick-borne diseases like Lyme disease are available. 

Does my dog need to see a vet for a tick?

To effectively manage ticks on dogs, seeking professional advice is a must. You should consult a vet if your dog displays any dog tick symptoms. Regular vet check-ups are also important as they provide a platform to discuss tailored tick prevention strategies. Vets can address concerns about tick products and medications, guiding dog owners on safe and suitable options. Their expertise ensures a comprehensive approach that addresses individual dogs’ needs.

When it comes to ticks on dogs, proactiveness and vigilance are key. Prioritising tick prevention isn't just about keeping your pet comfortable – it's about safeguarding their health. Be sure to consult your vet to find the best tick prevention and treatment options for your dog.